Computer Files

Not to heaven. Not to hell.  Not to Silicon Valley.  Not even to Katmandu.  For the sad story is the deleted files go nowhere at all.  David Maier, professor at the Graduate Institute of Science & Technology’s department of computer science and engineering says:

The bits and bytes representing the programs and files on the computer disk are generally unchanged immediately after an erase (or delete) command.  What changes is the directory on the disk.  The directory is a list of the names of all the files and programs on the disk, plus a pointer to the portion of the disk where the contents of the file or program are actually stored.  When you issue an erase command, all it generally does is to remove the file or program name from the directory and to record elsewhere that the storage space on the disk formerly used for the file or program is now “free”–that is, available for reuse.

 The mechanism for changing the directory is amazingly simple.  Although the deleted files remain on the disk, programmer Larry Whitish says, “ that the first letter of the file name is deleted and replaced with a symbol that looks like “o,”(ASCII Character number 229):

"This signals the computer that the disk space the files occupied is available for use by new files and programs and simply ignores their existence. When new files are copied to or created on a disk, they seek the first available space not being used to begin writing their data.  If this space is occupied by a file that has been erased, then kiss your old file goodbye” The old file will be overwritten by the new file.

Erased files and programs can be recovered easily if they have not been overwritten.  A program like the Norton Utilities can restore these files simply by replacing the symbol “o” in their name with any letter of the alphabet.

So the “deleted” files are no more erased than the music on an audiotape or television program on videotape that hasn’t been recorded over.

Submitted by an anonymous caller on the Jim Eason Show, KGO-Am, San Francisco, California.

computerfiles




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